Observational Studies:
Experimental Studies:
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Advantages:
Disadvantages:
Advantages:
* You can estimate OR.
Ranganathan, Priya, Rakesh Aggarwal, and C. S. Pramesh. “Common Pitfalls in Statistical Analysis: Odds versus Risk.” Perspectives in Clinical Research 6, no. 4 (2015): 222–24. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-3485.167092.
Abstract:
"In biomedical research, we are often interested in quantifying the relationship between an exposure and an outcome. “Odds” and “Risk” are the most common terms which are used as measures of association between variables. In this article, which is the fourth in the series of common pitfalls in statistical analysis, we explain the meaning of risk and odds and the difference between the two."
Ask yourself: Do we know the total number of people at risk? If we don't have the total number of people exposed, like in retrospective studies, you can't calculate RR.
A meta-analysis is a statistical technique that allows researchers to combine the findings of multiple independent studies. It is the type of study that is most frequently used to assess the clinical effectiveness of a healthcare intervention and provides the highest level of evidence of the choices given.
Meta-analysis would be used for the following purposes:
* Randomized double blind placebo control studies are the "Gold Standard" research design in intervention based studies.